One-way bearing working principle

1. Slope and roller design one-way bearing

The ramp and roller one-way clutch consists essentially of an outer ring of cylindrical inner diameter, an inner ring with a ramp, and a set of rollers that are respectively spring-loaded and in close contact with the inner and outer rings. As long as the rotation of one of the raceways in its direction of motion has an effect on the other, this arrangement essentially ensures the instantaneousness of the speed of overrun and ensures immediate drive capability.

A ramp-type one-way clutch with only the inner ring rotating is suitable for relatively low speeds. If the required speed is higher than the recommended speed, a wedge type one-way clutch is recommended. When used as an indexing one-way clutch, the outer ring is often seen as a wobble element and the inner ring is often seen as a slave element. Otherwise, the inertia of the rollers and springs will cause errors, especially at high frequency divisions. The use of diluted lubricants and powerful springs provides high-speed indexing accuracy and high quality.

2, wedge type design one-way bearing

The wedge type one-way overrunning clutch is generally composed of an inner ring, an outer ring, a wedge group, a wedge cage, a strong spring and a bearing. The wedge transfers forces from one raceway to the other by wedging between the inner and outer races. The wedge has two diagonal diameters, one from the corner of the wedge to the other diagonal, one of which is larger than the other. The wedge action forces the wedge to have a larger vertical position on a relatively large cross section when the inner and outer rings are rotated relative to each other.

3, self-locking angle one-way bearing

The wedge action mainly depends on the wedge and self-locking angle of the wedge between the inner and outer rings. The basic concept of a wedge one-way clutch requires that the friction coefficient of the wedge be related to the sudden generation of torque in the inner ring in the drive direction. This friction value must be greater than the tangent of the self-locking angle. If the condition is not met, the wedge will not occur. The self-locking angle is determined by the structure of the wedge, and the points on the inner and outer rings are respectively connected by wedges.

The design of the wedge has a very low initial self-locking angle to ensure absolute bonding at the beginning. As the torque increases, a radial force will be created on the wedge that deflects the wedge race, causing the wedge to roll to a new position. Wedges are often designed to have a self-locking angle that can be gradually increased, as it goes from the overrun position to the maximum load bearing position. A relatively large self-locking angle can reduce the radial force generated by the wedge, so that a larger torque is allowed to be transmitted as long as the elongation and Brinell hardness limits are required.

Through the above analysis of the working principle of the one-way bearing, we can already understand the products of one-way bearing, but it is not enough to understand the content of the one-way bearing. Whether the product and equipment can realize its value, not only The role of the product itself is required, and the user's use is also required. The development and use of bearings is far away and requires the efforts of all walks of life.
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